Walking Dead Syndrome

THE WALKING DEAD SYNDROME English 150 teacher S. Jone November 7, 2011 The walk of animation Dead Syndrome Introduction The Walking Dead syndrome is considered a out of date disease. I believe everyone in this existence has a purpose on this vast place we c all told earth. However, there atomic number 18 bulk diagnosed with a syndrome who believe they induce no soul or convinced themselves they atomic number 18 dead. The Walking Dead Syndrome is also comm unless kn testify as Cotards Syndrome. In this paper, I will refer this syndrome as Cotards syndrome.Cotards syndrome is linked with other psychological unhealthinesses which could explain a psyches state of mind of feeling non-existent in society. I will move on discuss eight aspects of this syndrome defining the Walking Dead Syndrome, defining psychical unwellness, description of several mental illnesses associated with this syndrome, classifications of Cotards syndrome, analysis of patients, diagnosis of syndrome, an d attributes of tr eat onments purchasable for patients. Defining Walking Dead Syndrome or Cotards SyndromeMany hatful I discussed this topic with never heard of the Walking Dead Syndrome. The Walking Dead Syndrome was starting time created by French neurologist, Jules Cotard, hence, named the Cotards Syndrome. He was a French neurologist who first described this psychiatric condition. First author to the syndrome was made in the year 1880, when Jules Cotard gave a lecture in Paris. In this lecture, he described various degrees of the syndrome, while he said that a person who resorts to despair and self-hatred begins in the early st grows of this unhealthiness.With deterioration, the person efficiency go to the extent of retreatying the very existence of himself or herself. on that point argon detached from the sense of existence of self (Cotard Syndrome 2010). Patients portray themselves similar to the design of zombies. Hollywood has portrayed horror and science fiction based movies on zombies or the walking dead. In the movies, zombies argon typically beggarly and fond of gracious flesh, they groan and squirt non talk, expect incredible strength, and display moulder flesh.A zombie is physically identical to a normal human being, but completely lacks conscious experience. If we suddenly lost our minds, or wizard our bodies tycoon continue to associate on for a while, our hearts might continue to beat, we might breathe while asleep and digest food. still without the contribution made by minds, behavior could not show characteristically human features. In the Urban Dictionary, 1999-2011, a zombie is defined as deceased human being who has partially returned to life callable to undiscoverable causes.The brain retains base facilities, namely gross motor function. In its near-mind little state, it grasps no frame of emotion, personality, or sensation of pain. In rare cases, some of the reanimate receive reflexively preformed routine activ ities from their past lives. The mass diagnosed with Walking Dead Syndrome hit similar portrayals including not having internal organs and smelling of rotting flesh. A hypothetical analogy depose be explained when most of us comport woken up after a really good night out.Our first drive in the morning was motivated by a confide for food and coffee. If we as a society experience a chemic or radiological contamination, we might be experiencing the hangover from hell. Our higher purpose would be destroyed, the neural system would be degraded, and leave unless the carcass running on its primary functions. Defining Mental Illness Since the set-back of man, I think there has been mental illness, and chemical imbalance generates a huge part, and some people just do not entertain the ability to use move of their brain for reason and logic.According to to Sorrentino, Wilk, and Newmaster (2009), a mental illness can be caused by a junto of genetic, biological, personality, and e nvironmental factors, is a disturbance in a persons ability to cope with or adjust to stress the persons thinking, pique, and demeanors are affected, and functioning is impaired mental illnesses affect people of all ages, culture, and educational and income levels. The onset of most mental illnesses occurs during adolescence and young adulthood (p. 641). virtually mental illnesses are brought on by the stresses of life, money, property, and consumption.Having a mental illness varies from person to person and if you cannot go or so your day as you unremarkably would due to a condition and then it is a mental illness. An exercising would be having an anxiousness disorder, and if you cannot leave your house anymore due to petrifying fear, then there is clearly a problem. Unless of course you cannot confess that you are having problems and you are posing a threat to yourself or others, then you can be forcibly placed under the guidance of a psychologist. Mental illness can be c ontributed to either biological, psychological, and environmental factors.The biological factors can be attributed to genetics or mental disorders endure to run in families, suggesting a hereditary factorthe number of close relatives a person has who suffer from depression or other mood disorders is the shell predictor of the deallihood that the individual will develop a mood disorder (Boyd, Johnson, Bee, 2009, p. 385). In addition, psychological aspects can be contributed to emotional, physical, or receiveledgeable abuse, and the environmental causes can be defined as a person living in poverty or substance abuse. Mental Illnesses Associated with Cotards SyndromePeople diagnosed with the Cotards Syndrome admit been treated for a mental illness or combination of bi-polar, delusions, schizophrenia, and schizoaffective disorder, to name a few. The major mental illnesses are painful, pervasive, disruptive and usually disabling. Firstly, a bi-polar disorder is defined as a brain d isorder that causes unusual shifts in a persons mood, energy, and ability to function (Sorrentino, Wilk, Newsmaster, 2009, p. 651). Whereas, delusions are the false beliefs that are firmly held (Purse, 2011). An subject is a person who has grandeur delusions or has paranoid tendencies.In the grandiose subtype, the person is convinced that he has some great talent or has made some distinguished discovery, they have an inflated sense of self-worth. In addition, their delusions center on their own importance, such as believing that they have done or created something of extreme value or think they have a special mission. There is reference to another type of delusion known as nihilistic delusions. This type of delusion describes a person focused on the individuals be, including loss of trunk parts, being dead, or not existing at all (Debruyne, Portzky, Peremans, & Audenaert, 2011).Furthermore, Cotard syndrome created a new type of depression which is described as anxious melanchol ia, ideas of damnation or rejection, insensitivity to pain, delusions or nonexistence concerning ones own body, and delusions of immorality (Debruyne, Portzky, Peremans, & Audenaert, 2011). This type of delusion is a major attribute of Cotards syndrome. Thirdly, schizophrenia which is an extremely complex mental health disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disturbances in thinking, and withdrawal from social activity (Sorrentino, Wilk, Newsmaster, 2009, p. 55). News and entertainment media tend to link mental illnesses including schizophrenia to criminal violence. Most people with schizophrenia, however, are not violent toward others but are withdrawn and prefer to be leftfield alone. Lastly, schizoaffective disorder is described as a person having symptoms of two schizophrenic and bipolar disorder (Purse, 2006). well-nigh disorders will cause parts of the brain to stop performing their normal functions. These can leave people out of control and disoriented (not k nowing what they themselves are doing). Classifications of Cotards SyndromeIn its early stages, Cotards syndrome is characterized by vague feeling of anxiety with a varying time span from weeks to years. This anxious state gradually augments and can result in nihilistic delusions where refutation of life or denial of body parts are the prominent features. The patient loses sense of reality. scorn the delusion of being dead, these patients show an increased tendency to automutilation (self harm) or unsafe behaviour. (Debruyne, Portzky, Peremans, and Audenaert, 2011). A case write uping involving 100 patients, in Debruyne, Portzky, wagon train den Eynde, and Audenaert, (2009) reveal three types of Cotards syndrome.The first is a form of insane depression in which anxiety, melanchonlia, delusions of guilt, and auditory hallucinations are the more prominent features. The indorsement class is Cotards syndrome Type I, which is associated with hypochondriac and nihilistic delusions. The tertiary type is Cotards syndrome Type II, which includes anxiety, depression, delusions of immortality, nihilistic delusions and suicidal behaviour are characteristic features. However, in Debruyne, Portzky, Peremans, and Audenaert, 2011, a case study conducted in 1999, identified three stages of Cotards syndrome.The first stage, germination stage, is characterized by important hypochondriac cenesthopathy and depressive mood. A diagnosis of Cotards syndrome cannot be made in this stage yet. In the blooming stage, the characteristic features of Cotards syndrome (nihilistic delusions, delusions of immorality in concert with anxiety and negativism) are seen. The last stage, the continuing stage is differentiated in two forms one with persistent emotional disturbances (depressive type) and the second where depressive symptoms are less prominent (paranoid type) (as cited by Yamman, 1999).The two classifications described above have back up in diagnosing of Cotards syndrome. The similar features displayed are nihilistic delusions, depressive mood, and anxiety. abbreviation This syndrome does not affect a specific category of people. A study of 100 patients, revealed that Cotards syndrome was diagnosed in 2 of 349 patientstaking into account only severely depressed older adult patients. In addition, the average of age of person studied was 52 years of age, however, the study also suggested that Cotards was occasionally described in children and adolescents (Debruyne, Portzky, Van den Eynde, Audenaert, 2009).Furthermore, according to Wani et al. , (2008), this syndrome is typically related to depression and is mostly found in middle-aged or older people. In the analysis the following results were displayed depressive mood (89%), nihilistic delusions (69%), anxiety (65%), delusions of guilt (63%), delusions of immortality (55%), hypochondriac delusions (58%) (Debruyne, Portzky, Peremans, and Audenaert, 2011). Diagnosis The diagnosis reveals a psychological an d neurologic aspect of Cotards syndrome. The depersonalization phenomenon as described in Debruyne, Portzky, Van den Eynde, and Audenaert, 2009, is referred to using German erminology leib (body for me) and korper (body as such), korper becomes more prominent than leib and the body less associated with the self (leib), depersonalization onset can then occur. However, in depersonalization, the patient feels as if he or she is dead (in difference of affect), whereas in Cotards syndrome, the patient is convinced that he or she is dead (lack of feeling). Cotards syndrome is often associated with parietal lobe lesions. Compared with controls, patients with Cotards syndrome have more brain wither in general and more median frontal lobe wasting in particular.Cotards syndrome may be associated with multifocal brain wasting and medial frontal lobe disease. Neurological assessments were performed and findings resulted in patients affected by parietal brain disfunction and structural brai n abnormalities. Recent discoveries have indicated that Cotards syndrome was associated with multifocal brain atrophy and interhemispheric fissure enlargement. The interhemispheric fissure enlargement means parietal lobe lesions (Joseph and OLeary, 2011) or plication in the frontal and occipital regions and this abnormality also been observed in schizophrenic patients.Others have described and enlargement of the third and lateral ventricles. In one patient, the patient was diagnosed with a schizophrenia disorder and a left sided hypoperfusion in the temporal, parietal and frontal lobes. The medical term of hypoperfusion is defined as a decreased blood flow through an organ (Meriam-Webster, 2011). In addition, the patient experienced improvements of the inferior frontal and left hypoperfusion and there was secernate of decreased hyper mellowness of the left temporal lobe (cited in Debruyne, Portzky, Van den Eynde, and Audenaert, 2009).Treatments There are several methods utilise t o treat mental health struggles. A patient can seek professional assistance by psychology or psychiatry therapy and/or the utilization of medication. If you lived in the 16th one C with any undefined mental disorder, you were considered as possessed by the cod and cast away to some godforsaken monastery dungeon in which monks would incessantly pray for and exorcise you. The Catholic Church they used a organized guidebook to describe all behavioral aspects and associations of witchcraft, satanism, etc. nd utilized this upon people who were suffered with mental or behavioral maladies, and it was not commonly understood in the Medieval and Renaissance periods. In the medieval ages, they were burned because they thought process demons haunted the mentally ill. In later years, we will adequatey experimented on them, vinegarish into their bodies and brains to fix them, this was called, trepanation. The evidence of trepanation has been found in prehistoric human remains from Neolit hic times onward.Cave paintings indicate that people believed the practice would bring back epileptic seizures, migraines, and mental disorders (Wikipedia, 2011). It is really disgusting and is the major reason that even out today it is to some a badge of humiliation instead of just an illness. Complete recovery may occur spontaneously and suddenly as onset of Cotards syndrome. There are several reports of successful pharmacological treatment of Cotards syndrome. Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) is considered an important treatment option in Cotards syndrome.It is noted, in Debruyne, Portzky, Van den Eynde, Audenaert, 2009, that young patients use of mood stabilizers should be considered because Cotards syndrome in this population is often part of a bipolar disorder. Successful treatment with ECT and the patient with underlying major depressive disorder resulted in recovery of left and slump temporal hypoprofussion and normalization of profusion in the frontal cortex was reported after treatment with antidepressants (Debruyne, Portzky, Peremans, and Audenaert, 2011). amuse be aware that people who have true mental illnesses do suffer.They want more than anything to be able to feel and function like other people and they will actively seek help. The reality is that trusted medications and treatments help those who are suffering from these conditions. Conclusion Mental illness is not a modern invention. The mentally ill have been recognized in one form or another by every culture we have a record of. How they were perceived and what their value is what has largely changed. Some people do not retreat into their minds as much as they are supposed to, while others spend all their time there.What we eat and breathe and drink affects our health and our brain, and a healthy individuals brain tends to have more to work with and develop all the right chemicals and nerve sheaths. A good parent with their strong sense of empathy realizes that their child is a thinking , evolution human being and will always requisite that light tinct that points them in the right direction and prevent them from getting lost. The right nature and nurturing are essential for a healthy development. Some cases of these disorders I believe could be a simple lack of the ingredients to solve this chemical imbalance.Given that our brain is constantly changing accordingly with the times, a chronic chemical imbalance quickly becomes more than just that, as the brain has grown and changed around this shortcoming. The kind of ground you wish people had for those with mental disorders would be a universal understanding for all if people would take in into themselves and observe their own thoughts and behaviors. We are our best test subjects since we have full access to all the data, and by observing ourselves totally (mentally, developmentally, chemically) we can apply our understanding to others and learn from the experience.People need to care about how peoples minds w ork in general, understanding you guys would come with the turf, and communication with our angry neighbors would be much more effective since wed all see where everyone is coming from. Philosophers have long contemplated human happiness, and how to live a good life, in accordance with our own nature. The problem is that humans do not really know what makes them happy, and what they think will, or will not, and instead they find contempt and piffling pleasures they believe will satisfy them.As a result, some people will not live a good and tranquilityful life that satisfies the majority of people. The fact is not everyone needs medication, but there are those who do. Some need it temporarily, some for a lifetime. Some simply need therapy, and some benefit from dietary changes. I believe understanding is the highest example we should seek to attain. Understanding and being honest with ourselves about ourselves and applying our own understanding to others may help us see that we a re not as different as wed like to believe.I believe that sense of commonalty with all human beings can generate empathy, compassion and ultimately peace in all of us. It is when we categorize each other, ourselves, and place value on those categories then we breed hatred, ignorance and fear. References Boyd, D. , Johnson, Paul, Bee, Helen (2009). Lifespan Development. (4th Canadian Edition). Toronto Pearsons Canada Inc. Cotard Syndrome. (2010). Disorders Central. Retrieved October 10, 2011, from http//www. disorderscentral. com/cotard-syndrome. html Debruyne, H. , Portzky, M. Peremans, K. , Audenaert, K. , (2011). Mind and humour The Journal of Psychiatry. Retrieved October 6, 2011, from http//content. yudu. com/Library/A1t5r8/MindampBraintheJourn/resources/73. htm Debruyne, H. , Portzky, M. , Van den Eynde, F. , Audenaert, K. (2009). Cotards Syndrome A Review. occurrent Psychiatry Reports. Retrieved October 6, 2011, from University of Calgary On-line Resources http//www. spri ngerlink. com. ezproxy. lib. ucalgary. ca/content/f43j790n7161432m/ Hypoperfusion. (2011). 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