Ritual Performances in A Midsummer Nights Dream

Running back to the 14th century, ritual performances played great roles in people’s lives because they believed in the results therein. Rituals and festivities underscore Shakespeare’s works.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Ritual Performances in A Midsummer Night’s Dream specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For instance, the celebrations that characterize the concluding setting of A Midsummer Night’s Dream, is a rite of passage, a ritual that seeks to induct Hippolyta who must become an Athenian for she is from Amazon which is outside Athens. However, Shakespeare employs his conventional marks of scripted-ness to achieve his objective. Courtships and play-within-play stand out conspicuously in this comedy; moreover, Shakespeare uses omens to make the contrived and the masterminded to appear natural. In A Midsummer Night’s Dream, courtships are not easy. As Lysander observes, â€Å"The course of true love never runs smooth† (Shakespeare 134). Lysander’s relationship with Hermia is one that is full of misfortunes. Hermia’s Father chooses Demetrius and yet his daughter is in love with Lysander. The Duke rules in favor of Demetrius ordering Hermia to marry him or undergo execution or lifetime chastity to the goddess Diana. Helena’s love for Demetrius is not reciprocated. In the fairies’ world, the queen Titania is estranged to her husband because she cannot give him her Indian changeling. The situation becomes so complicated to an extent of Oberon ordering Puck to administer a spell on Titania to supposedly to make her fall for anything she sees upon her waking up provided it is a living creature. In this play, love is balanced with imbalances. At the beginning of the play, two men love Hermia and yet she loves only one, Lysander. On the other hand, Helena is crazily in love with Demetrius who does not carry even the sligh test feeling for her. After Puck administers the love portion to the two men, first to Lysander who he had thought was Demetrius and later to Demetrius, the men’s attention goes to Helena. Even her lover, Lysander, abandons Hermia. In the case of Oberon and Titania, imbalance comes in when Oberon’s desire for the Indian changeling overweighs his love for Titania.Advertising Looking for term paper on british literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More He casts her on a spell that makes her fall in love with the ass-headed Bottom. This demonstrates an imbalance in nature and appearance (Nostbakken 70). How can a queen of the fairies fall in love with an ass-faced Bottom? Well, the love portion perhaps works. Nevertheless, any mature person conversant with the play will disagree with the idea of the queen of fairies falling for the ass-faced Bottom. Use of comedy that revolves around the problems that confront the c haracters involved in relationships in the play shields the audience from the emotions that these problems could generate. Instead, use of humor assures the audience a successful conclusion maybe with the individuals marrying the love of their lives. The audience is protected from the tension that comes with uncertainty. When writing this play, Shakespeare’s aim was to make people laugh, as it is a comedy. This has been well achieved through blending of human afflictions with humor. Shakespeare invented this style of writing to catch the audience’s attention and it works very well in achieving that purpose. The craftsmen’s play that is meant to entertain the duke and his newly wed queen is a play-within-a- play. The play, based on Pyramus and Thisbe’s story, represents the most important ideas and themes of the main plot though in a condensed form (Nostbakken 87). Pyramus and Thisbe’s parents do not approve their wedding, an element that compares w ith that of Hermia and Lysander. This play-within-a-play reflects the confusion in the main play. On the eve of the wedding, the fairies’ love portion drama results into romance confusion. Demetrius and Lysander love Helana at the same time. The queen of the fairies, Titania, falls in love with the ass-headed Bottom. The craftsmen’s play brings out the themes and ideas of the main play clearly and in a hilarious way. The play is meant to make the audience understand the main play well and it does exactly that. Once more, Shakespeare used this style of writing to achieve his conventional scripted-ness that underlines his dramatic performances that characterise his plays. The play-within-a-play element portrayed in this piece fits well in the content of the whole play. The theme of dream has been used extensively in the play to explain many of the bizarre happenings that if taken as reality would not be comprehensible to the human mind. â€Å"I have had a dream, past th e wit of man to say what / dream it was. Man is but an ass if he goes about t’expound this dream† (Shakespeare 37).Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Ritual Performances in A Midsummer Night’s Dream specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Bottom uses these words to explain the ass-headed person the fairy has turned him into in the past. It is not in the laws of nature for a human to acquire an ass-head one minute and in the other is back to the normal human. Bottom could only see this as a dream. Hippolyta compares their wedding days as a dream, â€Å"Four days will quickly steep themselves in night, / Four nights will quickly dream away the time† (Shakespeare 8). Four wedding days may seem unnatural in nature and to make them seem less, Hippolyta makes it lighter to the audience by comparing the four days to a dream that is short-lived. The victims of the events that take place on that fa teful night perceive the events as mere dreams. Demetrius and Lysander conflict over Helena and Titania’s short-lived love affair is not comprehensible to the humans. To protect them from this unearthly reality, the fairies make the humans believe that it was nothing less of a dream. At the end of the play, Puck advice to the audience is to take the play as a dream if it did not impress them. Shakespeare uses this dream theme to bring out the comic nature of his play and ensure that the unusual happenings in the comedy serve to entertain the audience as opposed to depressing it. Good and bad omens come with what a society believes. During the time when the play was being written, disobedience to one’s parents or/and husband were considered as a bad omen and they would result in misfortunes. Shakespeare’s work reflects this myth in Hermia and Titania’s cases. When Hermia declines her father’s choice of husband, several misfortunes befall her. The du ke rules against her, condemning her to an execution or lifetime chastity to the goddess Diana. When she elopes with Lysander, the fairies’ love potion diverts Lysander’s love from her to Helena. When Titania refuses to give her husband the Indian changeling, the couple become estranged to each other. The husband feels so offended that he seeks revenge by ‘bewitching’ her into loving the ass-headed Bottom; she even offers sexual favours to show her affection for the newly found love. This act humiliates Titania and at the same time, she loses her Changeling that had been entrusted to her by the Indian mother. Even though these instances are only masterminded in the play, they appear natural because in many cases when one fails to heed authorities or parents usually turn out to be like Hermia and Titania in the story. In the comedy, Shakespeare employs symbols to represent various aspects of nature. Leaders are associated with stability. Theseus and Hippoly ta appear in the first act of the play but disappear for a long time after the darkness sets in. They later appear in act four when the sun rises.Advertising Looking for term paper on british literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Theseus and Hippolyta are highly respected leaders and can only be associated with order and stability. Their long disappearance during the acts that represent the night events shows the effect of their absence as chaos and disorder rule the scenes during their absence. Their reappearance after sunrise sets things in order. The confused couples are able to recognize their right partners. The duke and the queen later allow them to marry. Surely, as the old adage goes, ‘love is blind’ and the love potion used here underscores this great but often-neglected fact. It is the source of all the bad things on that night. Demetrius and Lysander fall for Helena to the chagrin of Titania. The careless administration of the potion by the fairies causes great harm to many people. This symbolizes the harm that unplanned and uncontrolled love can cause to the involved parties. This play is a great display of Shakespeare’s peculiar dramaturgy. In his work, Shakespeare used human experience to create his plays. He blended this with humour and poetry that gave it a timeless flow. In A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Shakespeare uses an experience that was common back in that time. Parents choosing partners for their children, husbands dominating over their wives and rulers ruling in favour of old-fashioned laws stand out in this play. In addition to the experience, Shakespeare uses humour and poetry to give it a light touch. The play is timeless and it has earned Shakespeare great respect over time. Characteristic of Shakespeare’s works, performances underline A Midsummer Night’s Dream. Two performances are well expressed in the play. These include courtship and play-within-a-play. The use of these two performances brings out the desired effect to the audience. Play-within-a-play ensures that the audience both in the play and out of the play understand the ideas and the themes of the play clearly. The play is also ridden with humour and since t his is a love comedy, the effect is well felt by the audience. Courtship episodes represent real-life experiences and bring out humour as well. Finally, Shakespeare employed use of omens to present the orchestrated scenario as if they were natural. Works Cited Nostbakken, Faith. Understanding A Midsummer Night’s Dream: A Student Casebook To Issues, Sources, And Historical Documents. New York: Greenwood Publishing Group, 1964. Shakespeare, Williams. A Midsummer Night’s Dream. Philadelphia: J.P Lippincott Company, 1895. This term paper on Ritual Performances in A Midsummer Night’s Dream was written and submitted by user Finnegan Gallegos to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Enthalpy Definition in Chemistry and Physics

Enthalpy Definition in Chemistry and Physics Enthalpy is a thermodynamic property of a system. It is the sum of the internal energy added to the product of the pressure and volume of the system. It reflects the capacity to do non-mechanical work and the capacity to release heat. Enthalpy is denoted as H; specific enthalpy denoted as h. Common units used to express enthalpy are the joule, calorie, or BTU (British Thermal Unit.) Enthalpy in a throttling process is constant. Change in enthalpy is calculated rather than enthalpy, in part because total enthalpy of a system cannot be measured. However, it is possible to measure the difference in enthalpy between one state and another. Enthalpy change may be calculated under conditions of constant pressure. Enthalpy Formulas H E PV where H is enthalpy, E is internal energy of the system, P is pressure, and V is volume d H T d S P d V What Is the Importance of Enthalpy? Measuring the change in enthalpy allows us to determine whether a reaction was endothermic (absorbed heat, positive change in enthalpy) or exothermic (released heat, negative change in enthalpy.)It is used to calculate the heat of reaction of a chemical process.Change in enthalpy is used to measure heat flow in calorimetry.It is measured to evaluate a  throttling process or Joule-Thomson expansion.Enthalpy is used to calculate minimum power for a compressor.Enthalpy change occurs during a change in the state of matter.There are many other applications of enthalpy in thermal engineering. Example Change in Enthalpy Calculation You can use the heat of fusion of ice and heat of vaporization of water to calculate the enthalpy change when ice melts into a liquid and the liquid turns to a vapor. The heat of fusion of ice is 333 J/g (meaning 333 J is absorbed when 1 gram of ice melts.) The  heat of vaporization of liquid water  at 100 °C is 2257 J/g. Part A:  Calculate  the change in enthalpy, ΔH, for these two processes. H2O(s) → H2O(l); ΔH ?H2O(l) → H2O(g); ΔH ?Part B:  Using the values you calculated, find the number of grams of ice you can melt using 0.800 kJ of heat. SolutionA.  The heats of fusion and vaporization are in joules, so the first thing to do is convert to kilojoules. Using the  periodic table, we know that 1  mole of water  (H2O) is 18.02 g. Therefore:fusion ΔH 18.02 g x 333 J / 1 gfusion ΔH 6.00 x 103  Jfusion ΔH 6.00 kJvaporization ΔH 18.02 g x 2257 J / 1 gvaporization ΔH 4.07 x 104  Jvaporization ΔH 40.7 kJSo the completed thermochemical reactions are:H2O(s) → H2O(l); ΔH 6.00 kJH2O(l) → H2O(g); ΔH 40.7 kJB.  Now we know that:1 mol H2O(s) 18.02 g H2O(s) ~ 6.00 kJUsing this conversion factor:0.800 kJ x 18.02 g ice / 6.00 kJ 2.40 g ice melted Answer A.  H2O(s) → H2O(l); ΔH 6.00 kJ H2O(l) → H2O(g); ΔH 40.7 kJ B.  2.40 g ice melted

Why bioinformatics and proteomic application essential in the Annotated Bibliography

Why bioinformatics and proteomic application essential in the diagnosis of complex disease such as cancer - Annotated Bibliography Example However, the article’s limitation is that it does not clearly distinguish the number of females and males plus kids in the study. Martin, J., Regad, L., Etchebest, C., & Camproux, A. (2008). Taking advantage of local structure descriptors to analyze interresidue contacts in protein structures and protein complexes. Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics, 73(3), 672-689. 3-Duh, Q. (2004) It is noteworthy that the article first describes cancer as caused by the alteration of not only the proteome, but also a genome. These changes inculcate the ability to evade normal cellular control mechanism on cancer cells hence prompting its uncontrolled growth. The article further demonstrates that prior to the efforts of scientists; cancer is controllable to some extent, or even totally if detected at its early stages. Considerably, among the several individuals who were interviewed on the same, are concluded to be ignorant. It emerged that the respondents sought the medical attention upon developing the symptoms of the disorder. However, the limitation of the article is that it does not illustrate perfectly the reason to why patients usually seek medical help at a later stage of cancer. The importance of bioinformatics in cancer disease is highlighted in this article. Bioinformatics is the study of predictive molecular signatures also called biomarkers. Biomarkers are a form of molecules whose occurrence indicates the pedigree of several diseases. This is a point where the scientists started to explore in their quest to find a limiting factor to this terrible disease. It is imperative that the author of this article did not highlight on the details of the biomarkers, thus, the arguments are limited. The author alludes that the biomarkers have been discovered to limit the severity of the disease in human body. The above article states that, since the growth of cancer portrays a form of multi-scale process, which is dominated by an invariable that exudes

Case Study review on Metabolic Abnormalities in Early Psychosis Article

Case Study review on Metabolic Abnormalities in Early Psychosis - Article Example These side-effects pose a challenge because of the extra risk that they bring in as well as the possible non-compliance to prescription that may result when patients fear to take the medications because of their associated effects. The review looks at various research articles that seek to understand the effect of antipsychotics in order to understand their relative effects and possible side-effects. The article reviews are also used in making decisions with regard to a case study of a patient under first-episode psychosis treatment using atypical antipsychotics and already showing side-effects. Introduction Psychosis treatment has relied on antipsychotics for a very long time. The first generation antipsychotics (FGAs) fell out of favoured use due to less effectiveness and a number of associated side-effects. They were replaced by second generation antipsychotics (SGAs), which are more effective. The FGAs were linked to a number of side-effects including extrapyramidal reactions suc h as akathasia, tachycardia, tardive dyskinesia, impotence and seizures among many other. These side-effects have necessitated the use of other drugs such as anticholinergics in order to handle the resultant side-effects such as motor side effects. ... A number of researches have been conducted to determine the effects of atypical antipsychotics on abnormalities in lipid and glucose metabolism as well as weight gain, otherwise known as metabolic syndrome (MetS). The MetS denotes a combination of increased waist circumference and any of the following two abnormal conditions-a low high density lipoprotein level, hypertension, and high levels of serum triglycerides and/or fasting blood glucose. The fact that both generations of drugs present various side-effects poses greater challenge for practitioners trying to make decisions on which medication to apply in FPP cases. The dilemma on typical versus atypical antipsychotics; as well as whether to use atypical psychotics in FEP considering their potentially negative effects on diabetes and cardiovascular conditions makes this an interesting choice for review. The case study and articles’ review specifically reviews three research articles in relation to the case study in question . The first article reviews the development of metabolic abnormalities as a result of atypical antipsychotics on patients receiving these drugs for FEP through a cross sectional, naturalistic retrospective study. The article’s objective is to develop recognition of the impact of atypical antipsychotics in developing metabolic abnormalities in young patients under FEP treatment. The second article examines results from a naturalistic and prospective study in which the effects of antipsychotic drugs on the development of MetS are monitored through the measurement of weight and serum levels of insulin, glucose and lipids. The third article delves into the issue of providing evidence that can support or discredit the

Not a fix topic, you can choose any topics Lab Report

Not a fix topic, you can choose any topics - Lab Report Example (Solomon, 3-6; Engel et al. 4-5) The present paper puts its focus on analyzing consuming behavior in the area of tourism. Tourism is considered to be a very important product or service. Consumer’s decision making process regarding tourism is, however, very complex as the decision making process in this case goes through a number of complicated stages. There exists a number of literatures which discusses the consumers’ decision making method involved in choosing a travel destination. The next section of the present paper of will present the finding regarding consumer behavior in tourism from the existing literatures, both theoretical, and empirical. After the completion of a rigorous literature review, the paper will present my own experience regarding choosing a travel destination. Once my own experiences is discussed, the next section will makes an attempt to compare my own findings with what have already been documented in the existing literature. Finally in the last part of this paper, the paper w ill summarize the findings and try to provide some marketing strategies that those tourists’ spot needs to apply for attracting consumers. Consumers make their travel decision by taking into account a lot of factors. The selection of a tourist spot is not at all random. A lot of researches are done by a consumer before choosing a particular place as his/her travel destination. Hence, while marketing for tourism, one should ensure that a correct image of the travel spot is being displayed to the consumers. Tourist’s decision making is dependent on a number of psychological, social, economical factors. Some of these factors are internal to the tourists while some factors are external. Among the internal factors that influence a tourist’s decision include options that are available to the tourists, perception regarding a holiday spot, attitude and personality of the individual, the tourist’s life style, existing

The Influence of an Interior Space on the Human Psyche

The Influence of an Interior Space on the Human Psyche Introduction: In the research document below research will be done on how designers are influenced by Biophilic interior design concepts, the influence interior designers have on relevant target markets and ones need for particular interior design influences in order to reach self-actualisation, furthermore research will be done on the concept of Rene Descartes’s â€Å"I think therefore I am† theory but applied to the interior design world of â€Å"I design therefore I am†. In conclusion the author will summarise the influences interior design has on the human psyche and the benefits one can obtain from interior design. The aim and objectives of this research paper is to establish that all interior spaces which surrounds us as individuals are designed with a particular purpose in mind, whether it be mechanical, functional, practical or purely aesthetic and that it does have an effect on us not only physically and emotionally but also mentally. Some interior designers cater for the niche target with the goal in mind to satisfy qualitative needs, such as custom designs that are designed to order and produced exclusively for that particular client’s needs of owning an exclusively designed custom interior space, generally relating to one’s social status. The niche target market is the top one percent of the economies income bracket, in other words the wealthiest individuals within the particular economy. The average income target market, is the market where designers aim to satisfy the quantitative needs of the target market, designs are generally less exclusive and produced in bulk so tha t they are accessible by a larger demographic, thus designs are rendered as more affordable. Interior Design can improve one’s quality of life as it is †the environment around us affecting our mood, productivity, energy levels, aptitude and attitude†. Creating a beautiful interior is about creating a space where you feel relaxed, comfortable, organized and at peace, the idea of the space is to be thought of as therapeutic.† (Jess Douray, 2014). Well known sociologist Jean Baudrillard reasons that all objects chosen to fill an interior space is subconsciously placed within the space to tell a story as they are the manifestation of one’s character and desires. He suggests that us as individuals unconsciously judge interiors on four separate value criteria’s, in addition to how the rooms look at face value. He further explains the questions of each value criteria as follows: â€Å"Function: Will this item fit your needs? Is the kitchen table big enough to seat your whole family? Will this flooring cover the entire area of the room? Exchange: Is this item worth the price? Would you rather have this singular high-end couch for R15, 000 or a whole bedroom suite for the same price? Symbolic: Does this item have an emotional attachment? Did you choose a collection of family photos for your dà ©cor or a print of a painting? Sign: Does this item have a particular status symbol? Is it a name brand or a generic?† (Jean Baudrillard, 2007). Interior design is about much more than designing for aesthetic appearance. It has to consider communication and the key user experience: how spaces work; how they deliver a message and how individuals respond to this when conducting their daily lives; and even how people move around space and interact with objects or people. When within popular design culture, people consider the look of architecture; the true meaning of spaces and places is developed by interior specialists. These are people with the ability to combine engineering, construction, art and psychology in creating spaces; they must consider the basic provision of spatial design. Interior design requires knowledge of appropriate building regulations, health and safety legislation, project planning and technical specifications, all applied in a creative fashion to generate an environment, all of the above needs to be taken into consideration when creating successful designs. PROJECT BACKGROUND AND MOTIVATION The authors ultimate goal of the below research document is to establish the value of interior designers and the impact they make in the environments we as individuals reside in. AIM AND OBJECTIVES The aim of the following research paper is to establish the influence of an interior space on the human psyche, the importance of interior designers, the processes of interior design and the outcomes of a well-designed interior. STUDY DEFINED This research document will be based on research done digitally, journals, published articles and books, encapsulating relevant information to that of the topic illustrated above, examples will be provided substantiating statement given along with illustrations and appendices. RESEARCH STATEMENT The importance of interior design and the effect it has on the human psyche along with how interior design influences an individual to the point of reaching self-actualisation. RESEARCH SCOPE, LIMITATIONS AND CONSTRAINTS Interior design has been around for centuries and has played a vital role in displaying social status, a sense of comfort and a individuals identity, it is however evident in research done thus far that the importance interior design has on an individual’s mental well-being and vitality, has not been defined in great detail. A general lack of information on the benefits interior design possesses and the impact it has in an individual’s daily lives has become apparent. DESIGN SCOPE, LIMITATIONS AND CONSTRAINTS The author has found within the research done that an individual’s surrounding interior does not only affect their productivity and mood but their thinking processes and even their physical well-being and health. The lighter and more open the space, the more easily one can become focused, the darker more congested the space the more one can feel overwhelmed or even trapped. â€Å"Biophilic design can reduce stress, enhance creativity and clarity of thought, improve our well-being and promote healing; as the world population continues to urbanize, these qualities are ever more important. Theorists, research scientists, and design practitioners have been working for decades to define aspects of nature that most impact our satisfaction with the built environment† The (Terrapin bright green, 2014). The study of biophilic design will be further explored throughout the research paper. DEFINITION OF TERMS Interior design- the art or job of planning how the rooms of a building should be furnished and decorated Biophilic Design- is an innovative way of designing the places where we live, work, and learn. We need nature in a deep and fundamental fashion, but we have often designed our cities and suburbs in ways that both degrade the environment and alienate us from nature. BIBLIOGRAPHY Dictionary. 2015. Interior design Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/interior%20design. [Accessed 19 March 2015]. 2015. An interior designer has a direct influence on the places and spaces we occupy Magazines Student The Independent . [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.independent.co.uk/student/magazines/an-interior-designer-has-a-direct-influence-on-the-places-and-spaces-we-occupy-760044.html. [Accessed 19 March 2015]. 2015. what is biophilic design? Google Search. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.google.co.za/search?q=what+is+biophilic+design%3Fie=utf-8oe=utf-8aq=trls=org.mozilla:en-US:unofficialclient=firefoxchannel=ntsgfe_rd=crei=BPEKVeS8BIiP7AbIq4G4BA#rls=org.mozilla:en-US:unofficialchannel=ntsq=biophilic+design. [Accessed 19 March 2015]. 2015. Interior design Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/interior%20design. [Accessed 19 March 2015]. APPENDIX Chapter 1: Literature review Chapter 2: Research theory Chapter 3: Findings supported by relevant research Chapter 4: Designs conceptual development CONCLUSION

Articulating and Communicating Essay

1. How effective was Ko in defining and framing a vision for Motorola Penang? In what ways were her efforts similar to and different from the example of Charles Schwab citied earlier? * How did Ko resolve the dilemma of where visions come from? Where did she find her vision? Ko wants to her team both defining and framing a vision, because that will embrace visions best and see with their own eyes. Ko struggled with the most effective way of making her vision a reality. She engaged many of her top team in discussions about the challenges of the future of the facility. She had many specific and concrete ideas but didn’t want to seem to be imposing them on the group. She wanted to get most involvement possible to ensure all relevant information was considered that would be tasked with making the vision a reality. Ko’s philosophy reflects a positive, familial, celebrate every accomplishment kind of work environment. Ko treated her people with respect. No yelling, no shouting, no finger pointing. Always gave visible rewards for achievers. She shared every success story. She preached the importance of the knowledge, and advances in technology. Charles Chwab started his own company built on what was a unique and quite unconventional idea. He anticipated a need in the middle class. His concern for the middle class was genuine, not just a business gimmick. His vision led him to a unique path. When market conditions change, he adjusts its business model and tactics. He made his vision reality. * We cited doorman and jigsaw puzzle metaphors when describing how different leaders see themselves. Do either of these metaphors seem relevant to Ko? Yes, she wants to involve the other top managers first then converted into jigsaw puzzle role. She encouraged her man to work in team, to teach each other. She loved to share her vision and thought to the others. She wanted her top team have future vision. She was not only share her vision, she wanted hear from the others first. She had good relation with press and a responsible corporate citizen in the community. She always looked for positive qualities of a person. She actually made this place for new university graduates. 2. Evaluate the content dimensions of Ko’s vision work at Motorola Penang. How did she do with: * Making the Case for Change * Identifying an Ideal Goal * Addressing the People dimension Ko struggled with the most effective way of making that vision a reality. She engaged many of her top team in discussions about the challenges of the future of the facility, but they still looked to her as the leader and wanted to hear her vision of the future. She took a very hard-nosed approach to Motorola business model. She saw technology as a two-sided coin that would eliminate low-skill jobs at the same time that it brought new opportunities. She knew that other countries had lower labor costs. Yet she was committed to rapidly move Motorola to produce more complex systems products, creating an increased demand for technicians and engineers. First Ko asked her managers’ envision, and then chose to focus on five major activities to help build capability of Motorola Penang and its employees to achieve this very ambitious vision. The five major activities are: External relationships: Involving corporate in her new vision. Management development: Groom manager for new roles in the vision Maintaining state of the art manufacturing: Keeping up with technology to help achieve her vision Participative management process: Getting keep leadership involved in achieving the vision Technical skill development: Ko knew didn’t want to layoff underskilled workers so she established a Masters of Mechanical Engineering degree program with classes on Motorola’s grounds. 3. With respect to the Articulating and Communicating the Vision, how effectively did Ko address the three different levels of: * Strategic—â€Å"HEAD† * Tactical—â€Å"HANDS† * Personal—â€Å"HEART† Strategic- â€Å"HEAD†: External relationships- Motorola Penang had built up a very good reputation for all that it had accomplished thus far. She had to maintain and expand those relationships. Tactical- â€Å"HANDS†: Management development- Ko had to groom managers for the new roles that the future facility would require. Maintaining state of the art manufacturing and administrative technologies- Ko had to nudge the evolution to keep Motorola Penang competitive against the lowest cost producers in the world. Participative management process- Ko did everything possible to make  Motorola Penang a high involvement work place. Personal-â€Å"HEART†: Technical skills development- Ko was successful in establishing a program with the university with classes held right on the Motorola Penang ground.

Product attribute

In today’s security-conscious world, proper identification is of utmost importance. People from different sectors – from the federal and state employees, hospital workers, and the airline employees and even students, are required to wear their badges or identification cards. To keep up with the fast-paced era, BadgeWorks created badge holders, lanyards, ID chains and necklaces which are not only strong enough to withstand workday hazards but stylish and functional as well, to be used anytime of the day.The badge holders and lanyards are 30 inches long and assembled in multi-stranded wire for extra strength and durability. It comes with two plastic and metal snap clips to securely hold the badge in place. The functionality and fashionability of the badge holders is provided by the clips, which are available in oval or rectangular shapes; gold- or silver-plated. Just remove the badge and connect the clip to the plastic snaps to turn the badge holder into a double-stranded choker.The badge holders, lanyards and necklaces were manufactured using the finest products from China – the excellent quality pink and black freshwater pearls from the North; the excellent plating and casting workmanship from the South; and the specialization in beading and leather making from other regions in China all contributed to the excellent quality of this product.BadgeWorks offers a great deal for corporations who would like to avail the products in wholesale. Different styles can be made available to the client. BadgeWorks also offer customized design for a corporation, which may include corporate logos, crests, slogans, pictures or colors. At a very reasonable amount, BadgeWork could also design raised or stamped metal pieces, epoxy parts, leather in various sizes and colors, gems or jewels, and badge reels with custom logo or custom-printed lanyards.Products are packaged in lovely drawstring organza bags for added fashion sense.REFERENCESBadge-Works, LLC. Retri eved August 17, 2007. Website: http://www.badge-works.com.

Insults and Aspersions

Insults and Aspersions Insults and Aspersions Insults and Aspersions By Maeve Maddox Like the rabbit Thumper in Bambi, I was brought up on the admonition, â€Å"if you can’t say nuthin’ nice, don’t say nuthin’ at all.† How times have changed! Not only has insult come to pervade public discourse, the Web abounds with insult generators to assist the invective-challenged. For instance, creative types who want to add a little class to their abuse can consult a Shakespearean insult generator. The word insult derives from Latin insultare, â€Å"to attack†; literally, â€Å"to jump on.† In medicine, an insult is anything that attacks or causes injury to the body. The verb insult means to display a scornful attitude towards someone by speech or behavior. As I have always understood the word, an insult is a deliberate attack on someone’s feelings, but there’s some evidence that for some folks, even a remark devoid of hurtful intention may be construed as an insult if it disagrees with one’s own views. This is from an article offering advice about how to respond to insults: It can be hard to know what to do when someone makes a thoughtful remark that is insulting to your convictions, values or beliefs I can see how one person’s â€Å"thoughtful remark† might be offensive to someone of differing beliefs, but I don’t see how it’s insulting. Here are some synonyms for the noun insult: jibe affront slight barb slur indignity injury libel slander declamation abuse [uh-BYUS] disparagement aspersion (usually in the plural) dig crack put-down slap in the face kick in the teeth cheap shot low blow Here are synonyms for the verb to insult: abuse [uh-BYUZE] be rude to slight disparage discredit libel slander malign defame denigrate cast aspersions on call someone names put someone down affront humiliate wound badmouth dis calumniate Note on aspersions: A reader asked me if one can do anything with aspersions other than cast them. The answer seems to be, â€Å"No.† The word aspersions comes from the verb asperse, â€Å"to besprinkle or bespatter.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:The Yiddish Handbook: 40 Words You Should Know11 Writing Exercises to Inspire You and Strengthen Your Writing55 "House" Idioms

Problem Formulation and Identification Essays - Decision Theory

Problem Formulation and Identification Essays - Decision Theory Problem Formulation and Identification Problem Formulation and Identification There are several types of decision-style models, and finding the correct model for an organization is important. Not all organizations. or people within the organization think the same, and in turn not all decision-style models will work in all organizations. An organization can go under if they are unable to solve problems effectively. In this paper a couple different types of decision-style models are discussed. This will help to explain how the models work and show an organization what model might work best for the organization. The collective decision-making style combines multiple perspectives. The logic and rationally of different individuals collectively analyze and formulate decisions together. The collective style of making decisions has both similarities and differences when other styles. T he collective model of decision-making both lack the stability of a rigid or complex bureaucracy. The collective style is usually embraced willingly in the hope that it best suits a particular organization?s needs. The collective decision making relies on small steps or pieces ?to move in piecemeal fashion toward a bigger solution? (Bateman and Snell, 2009). The collective style individual pieces are isolated from each other. Pieces or individuals within the collective style influence each other more often as they exchange information while working collectively. The collective style of decision-making has unique strengths and weaknesses. Collective knowledge increases the amount of intellectual capital and brainpower. This style of decision-making draws upon the advantage of diversity by capitalizing on the strengths and expertise of different people. Multiple perspectives on any issue increase creativity, innovation, and flexibility. Weaknesses of making decisions collectively may include lower levels of cohesion and increased exposure during times of crisis. The collective decision-making style can be more negatively affected than others by internal conflicts and disagreements. With no one clearly in charge some people may ?try to influence organizational decisions so that their own interest will be served reducing decision-effectiveness? (Bateman and Snell, 2009). This style of decision-making can make a firm particularly vulnerable during time of crisis, when responsibility should be consolidated within a strong leader. The collective style of decision-making is effective at indentifying problems and describing them to stakeholders in a manner sensitive to their perspectives. Collectives focus many minds on particular problems or hotspots at any given time. Members, who most closely resemble or relate to stakeholders perspectives, can be used to increase communication. For example, if an incorporated collective decides to release additional shares additional shares it can have particular members inform other members whom they personally know. The delegation decision making style allows the manager or a person in control to disperse tasks to his or her staff. This is a smart method of decision making because although the manager/leader has to consider the goal setting he or she can consult the staff with different experiences to achieve those goals. Delegation is often most useful when a leader is working with highly skilled or experienced workers. This decision making style allows the leader to capitalize on their employees? individual talents and strengths, while also benefiting from the power of the whole. Delegation is an effective step in recognizing the importance of company?s human capital and or what weaknesses there are. Delegating does not mean giving up control it?s simply means trusting your subordinates and building a strong multitasking team to achieve goals and objectives. Delegation ultimately reduces the workload and stress on the leader because the work is dispersed among the staff members. A manager who uses delegation allows his subordinates to be empowered and motivated resulting in greater trust. This also encourages employee feedback and allows them to have a voice. Although as is with any decision making style there are some disadvantages of delegation. Some of the disadvantages are delegating a task not matched to the individual?s skills or level of experience. Another mistake a manager/leader can make when delegating is not to explain clearly and concisely how a task should be accomplished. This will result in an ultimate waste of everyone?s time and disastrous consequences to the project at hand. Ultimately the power and accountability rests with the delegator leader or manager in charge. If applied correctly delegation can be very beneficial in

Civil war and reconstruction Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Civil war and reconstruction - Term Paper Example Therefore, the paper will focus on explaining the reason why the system failed and the reason behind the North winning the war, and it will explain the extent of the war and the reconstruction that followed in order to resolve the issues that created the breakdown. After the elections in 1860 to the presidency of Republican Abraham Lincoln, there was a succession in the southern states from Federal Union in 1861, though it focused on establishing the independent Confederacy of state for protecting the slavery. On the other hand, the Northern Unionists focused on unconstitutional secession, whereby they were willing to apply the military force to keep the South in the Union. However, the Southerners who had no slaves were against the threatened Federal coercion. This resulted to a costly and bloody civil war and numerous American were killed in the Civil War, since the nations, wars were combined (Dew, 5). Southern region became overwhelmed by war and this resulted to a burden by debt due to misgovernment and demoralization by a long period of racial warfare. There were harsh penalties imposed on Southern white leaders, and they humiliated the discrimination against blacks. This led to the â€Å"Jim Crow,† which was experienced during the nineteenth century, whereby the Southern states had isolated public facilities that abolished black accessibility to numerous public amenities such as restaurants, hotels and parks. Reconstruction is judged insensitively by comparing it to the moral transparency related to the Civil War, due to the dark moments of political divergence, dishonesty and deterioration. During the period of reconstruction, slaves were granted their freedom, but not equality, whereby the North failed to address the economic needs of the freedmen, and this effort indicated the inadequacy to the desperate needs of the former slave for institutions. This relates to institutions that offer political and economic opportunity or

What are the main determinants of bank failure Essay - 1

What are the main determinants of bank failure - Essay Example e recent financial crisis has raised a large number of concerns about the strength of the current banking system to provide stability to the financial markets. Banks taking too much risk are highly prone to fail unless they have hedged their risks properly. Banks may fail if equity is insufficient to provide a safe cushion to write down any non-performing loans (Kolari, pp. 361-387, 2002). Before recent financial turmoil, banks were more concerned about their profitability. They attempted to maximize profits to increase shareholders wealth by increasing their financial advantage. A large deposit base provided for high financial advantage for banks, while their equity cushion continued to diminish. Most banks were using a ratio of more than twenty times debt compared to their equity (Goddard, pp. 1911-1935, 2007). Low level of equity provided a very small cushion for the banks in case of a financial turmoil. A bank with three percent equity could suffer a loss of all its shareholders wealth if it lost just a minor fraction of its loan assets. For example, bank with an equity base of 10 billion pounds and a loan base of as high as 300 billion pounds, would have lost all its equity with a decrease of 3.33% in the value of its loan assets (Altman, pp 589-609, 1968). Banks need to manage their liquidity risk with extreme caution. A bank that maintains to little liquid reserves can go bankrupt if it fails to meet its obligations on time. These obligations include payment on demand deposits and interest payments to depositors holding cash in their saving accounts. If the bank is holding too little cash, it can usually borrow money through inter-bank borrowing at the federal funds rate (Ohlson, pp. 109-131, 1980). However, at times of financial crisis, the liquidity of the market could be low. In the recent financial crisis rumors about bank failures resulted in a run on banks. Depositors wanted to withdraw their money before a suspected bankruptcy. On a usual day banks